First cut of bulletproofs
the build failed Details

This commit is contained in:
Sarah Jamie Lewis 2019-10-06 21:33:41 -07:00
parent bd3a6043be
commit 136b9b8192
6 changed files with 592 additions and 0 deletions

View File

@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
package bulletproofs
import (
"cwtch.im/tapir/primitives/core"
"encoding/json"
"git.openprivacy.ca/openprivacy/libricochet-go/log"
"github.com/bwesterb/go-ristretto"
"strconv"
)
// InnerProductProof encapsulates an inner product proof
type InnerProductProof struct {
L core.PointVector
R core.PointVector
A core.Scalar
B core.Scalar
}
// ProveInnerProduct generates a proof for <a,b>, the inner product of a and b
func ProveInnerProduct(a, b core.ScalarVector, u core.Point, P *ristretto.Point, G, H core.GeneratorVector, transcript *core.Transcript) InnerProductProof {
n := len(a)
transcript.AddToTranscript("n", []byte(strconv.Itoa(n)))
Lvec := core.PointVector{}
Rvec := core.PointVector{}
Gbytes, _ := json.Marshal(G)
transcript.AddToTranscript("G", Gbytes)
Hbytes, _ := json.Marshal(H)
transcript.AddToTranscript("H", Hbytes)
transcript.AddToTranscript("P'", P.Bytes())
for n != 1 {
np := n / 2
aL, aR := a[:np], a[np:]
bL, bR := b[:np], b[np:]
GL, GR := G[:np], G[np:]
HL, HR := H[:np], H[np:]
cL := core.InnerProduct(aL, bR)
cR := core.InnerProduct(aR, bL)
L := core.MultiExp(append(aL.Join(bR), cL), append(GR.Join(HL), u))
R := core.MultiExp(append(aR.Join(bL), cR), append(GL.Join(HR), u))
transcript.AddToTranscript("L", L.Bytes())
Lvec = append(Lvec, L)
transcript.AddToTranscript("R", R.Bytes())
Rvec = append(Rvec, R)
u := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("u")
uinv := new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(u)
for i := 0; i < len(aL); i++ {
aL_ := new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(aL[i], u)
aL[i] = aL_.Add(aL_, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(aR[i], uinv))
bL_ := new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(bL[i], uinv)
bL[i] = bL_.Add(bL_, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(bR[i], u))
GL[i] = core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{uinv, u}, core.GeneratorVector{GL[i], GR[i]})
HL[i] = core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{u, uinv}, core.GeneratorVector{HL[i], HR[i]})
}
x2 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(u)
P_ := new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(L, x2)
P_.Add(P_, P)
P_.Add(P_, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(R, new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(x2)))
P = P_
transcript.AddToTranscript("P'", P.Bytes())
a = aL
b = bL
G = GL
H = HL
Gbytes, _ := json.Marshal(G)
transcript.AddToTranscript("G", Gbytes)
Hbytes, _ := json.Marshal(H)
transcript.AddToTranscript("H", Hbytes)
n = np
}
return InnerProductProof{Lvec, Rvec, a[0], b[0]}
}
// Verify checks the given inner product proof
func Verify(proof InnerProductProof, n int, u, P *ristretto.Point, G, H core.GeneratorVector, transcript *core.Transcript) bool {
transcript.AddToTranscript("n", []byte(strconv.Itoa(n)))
np := n / 2
Gbytes, _ := json.Marshal(G)
transcript.AddToTranscript("G", Gbytes)
Hbytes, _ := json.Marshal(H)
transcript.AddToTranscript("H", Hbytes)
transcript.AddToTranscript("P'", P.Bytes())
for i := range proof.L {
GL, GR := G[:np], G[np:]
HL, HR := H[:np], H[np:]
transcript.AddToTranscript("L", proof.L[i].Bytes())
transcript.AddToTranscript("R", proof.R[i].Bytes())
x := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("u")
xinv := new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(x)
for j := 0; j < np; j++ {
GL[j] = core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{xinv, x}, core.GeneratorVector{GL[j], GR[j]})
HL[j] = core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{x, xinv}, core.GeneratorVector{HL[j], HR[j]})
}
x2 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(x)
P_ := new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(proof.L[i], x2)
P_.Add(P_, P)
P_.Add(P_, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(proof.R[i], new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(x2)))
P = P_
transcript.AddToTranscript("P'", P.Bytes())
G = GL
H = HL
Gbytes, _ := json.Marshal(G)
transcript.AddToTranscript("G", Gbytes)
Hbytes, _ := json.Marshal(H)
transcript.AddToTranscript("H", Hbytes)
np = np / 2
}
c := new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(proof.A, proof.B)
P_ := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{proof.A, proof.B, c}, core.GeneratorVector{G[0], H[0], u})
log.Debugf("P:%v\nP':%v\n", P, P_)
return P.Equals(P_)
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
package bulletproofs
import (
"cwtch.im/tapir/primitives/core"
"git.openprivacy.ca/openprivacy/libricochet-go/log"
"github.com/bwesterb/go-ristretto"
"testing"
)
func assert(t *testing.T, expected *ristretto.Scalar, actual *ristretto.Scalar) {
if expected.Equals(actual) {
t.Logf("inner_product matched: %v", actual)
} else {
t.Fatalf("c should be %v instead: %v", expected, actual)
}
}
func Test_inner_product(t *testing.T) {
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
zero := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetZero()
a := core.ScalarVector{one, zero, one, zero}
b := core.ScalarVector{zero, one, zero, one}
c := core.InnerProduct(a, b)
assert(t, zero, c)
a = core.ScalarVector{one, one, one, zero}
b = core.ScalarVector{one, one, zero, one}
c = core.InnerProduct(a, b)
assert(t, new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(one, one), c)
}
func TestProveInnerProduct(t *testing.T) {
log.SetLevel(log.LevelDebug)
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
zero := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetZero()
a := core.ScalarVector{one, zero, one, one}
b := core.ScalarVector{zero, one, one, one}
c := core.InnerProduct(a, b)
G := make(core.GeneratorVector, 4)
H := make(core.GeneratorVector, 4)
for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
G[i] = new(ristretto.Point).Rand()
H[i] = new(ristretto.Point).Rand()
}
u := new(ristretto.Point).Rand()
P_ := core.MultiExp(append(a.Join(b), c), append(G.Join(H), u))
proverTranscript := core.NewTranscript("test_innerproductproof")
verifierTranscript := core.NewTranscript("test_innerproductproof")
proof := ProveInnerProduct(a, b, u, new(ristretto.Point).Set(P_), core.CopyVector(G), core.CopyVector(H), proverTranscript)
if Verify(proof, 4, u, new(ristretto.Point).Set(P_), core.CopyVector(G), core.CopyVector(H), verifierTranscript) {
t.Logf("Inner Product Proof Passed!")
} else {
t.Logf("%v\n\n%v\n", proverTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit(), verifierTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit())
t.Fatalf("Inner Product Proof Failed!")
}
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
package bulletproofs
import (
"cwtch.im/tapir/primitives/core"
"git.openprivacy.ca/openprivacy/libricochet-go/log"
"github.com/bwesterb/go-ristretto"
"math/big"
)
// RangeProof encapsulates a proof that V = [0, max) where max is defined by the Setup function
type RangeProof struct {
A *ristretto.Point
S *ristretto.Point
T1 *ristretto.Point
T2 *ristretto.Point
TauX *ristretto.Scalar
InnerProduct *ristretto.Scalar
Mu *ristretto.Scalar
IPP InnerProductProof
V *ristretto.Point
}
// CommitmentsParams encapsulates the commitment parameters for a given range proof
type CommitmentsParams struct {
G core.GeneratorVector
H core.GeneratorVector
u *ristretto.Point
g *ristretto.Point
h *ristretto.Point
max int
}
// Setup generates multiple independent commitment parameters from the underlying transcript
func Setup(max int, transcript *core.Transcript) (c CommitmentsParams) {
c.G = transcript.CommitToGenerators("G", int(max))
c.H = transcript.CommitToGenerators("H", int(max))
c.u = transcript.CommitToGenerator("u")
c.g = transcript.CommitToGenerator("g")
c.h = transcript.CommitToGenerator("h")
c.max = max
return
}
// GenerateRangeProof creates a valid rangeproof that value is within [0,max) under the given transcript
// It returns the rangeproof and a random scalar "gamma" that can be used to open V, the commitement to v vGgH
func GenerateRangeProof(value int32, c CommitmentsParams, transcript *core.Transcript) (RangeProof, *ristretto.Scalar) {
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
two := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(one, one)
two_n := core.PowerVector(two, c.max)
gamma := new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
aL := valueToVector(value, c.max)
aR := core.VectorAddScalar(aL, new(ristretto.Scalar).Neg(one))
alpha := new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
vs := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetBigInt(big.NewInt(int64(value)))
V := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{gamma, vs}, core.GeneratorVector{c.h, c.g})
A := core.MultiExp(append(aL.Join(aR), alpha), append(c.G.Join(c.H), c.h))
Sl := make(core.ScalarVector, c.max)
Sr := make(core.ScalarVector, c.max)
for i := 0; i < c.max; i++ {
Sl[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
Sr[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
}
p := new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
S := core.MultiExp(append(Sl.Join(Sr), p), append(c.G.Join(c.H), c.h))
transcript.AddToTranscript("A", A.Bytes())
transcript.AddToTranscript("S", S.Bytes())
y := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("y")
z := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("z")
y_n := core.PowerVector(y, c.max)
z2 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(z)
l0 := core.VectorAddScalar(aL, new(ristretto.Scalar).Neg(z))
//l1 == Sr
r0 := core.EntrywiseSum(core.EntryWiseProduct(y_n, core.VectorAddScalar(aR, z)), core.VectorMulScalar(two_n, z2))
r1 := core.EntryWiseProduct(Sr, y_n)
t0 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(z2, vs), delta(y_n, z, c.max))
t1 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(core.InnerProduct(Sl, r0), core.InnerProduct(l0, r1))
t2 := core.InnerProduct(Sl, r1)
tau1 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
tau2 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Rand()
T1 := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{t1, tau1}, core.GeneratorVector{c.g, c.h})
T2 := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{t2, tau2}, core.GeneratorVector{c.g, c.h})
transcript.AddToTranscript("T1", T1.Bytes())
transcript.AddToTranscript("T2", T2.Bytes())
x := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("x")
// T(X) = t0 + t1x + t2x
TX := new(ristretto.Scalar).Set(t0)
TX.Add(TX, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(t1, x))
TX.Add(TX, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(t2, new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(x)))
l := core.EntrywiseSum(core.VectorAddScalar(aL, new(ristretto.Scalar).Neg(z)), core.VectorMulScalar(Sl, x))
_r := core.EntrywiseSum(core.VectorAddScalar(aR, z), core.VectorMulScalar(Sr, x))
r := core.EntrywiseSum(core.EntryWiseProduct(y_n, _r), core.VectorMulScalar(two_n, z2))
iplr := core.InnerProduct(l, r)
log.Debugf("T(X) = %v", TX)
log.Debugf("ipp = %v", iplr)
log.Debugf("equal: %v", TX.Equals(iplr))
// generate h'
H_ := make(core.GeneratorVector, c.max)
H_[0] = c.H[0]
for i := 1; i < c.max; i++ {
H_[i] = new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(c.H[i], new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(y_n[i]))
}
P := core.MultiExp(l.Join(r), c.G.Join(H_))
log.Debugf("P: %v", P)
uP := new(ristretto.Point).Add(P, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(c.u, iplr))
log.Debugf("uP: %v", uP)
ipp := ProveInnerProduct(l, r, c.u, new(ristretto.Point).Set(uP), core.CopyVector(c.G), core.CopyVector(H_), transcript)
taux := new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(tau2, new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(x))
taux = taux.Add(taux, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(tau1, x))
taux = taux.Add(taux, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(z2, gamma))
mu := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(alpha, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(p, x))
return RangeProof{A, S, T1, T2, taux, iplr, mu, ipp, V}, gamma
}
// VerifyRangeProof returns true if the given proof passes all the checks for a given set of commitment parameters
// and the given transcript
func VerifyRangeProof(proof RangeProof, c CommitmentsParams, transcript *core.Transcript) bool {
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
two := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(one, one)
two_n := core.PowerVector(two, c.max)
transcript.AddToTranscript("A", proof.A.Bytes())
transcript.AddToTranscript("S", proof.S.Bytes())
y := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("y")
z := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("z")
transcript.AddToTranscript("T1", proof.T1.Bytes())
transcript.AddToTranscript("T2", proof.T2.Bytes())
x := transcript.CommitToTranscriptScalar("x")
y_n := core.PowerVector(y, c.max)
// generate h'
H_ := make(core.GeneratorVector, c.max)
H_[0] = c.H[0]
for i := 1; i < c.max; i++ {
H_[i] = new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(c.H[i], new(ristretto.Scalar).Inverse(y_n[i]))
}
// check t = t(x) = t0 + t1.x + t1.x^2
lhs := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{proof.InnerProduct, proof.TauX}, core.GeneratorVector{c.g, c.h})
rhs := core.MultiExp(core.ScalarVector{new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(z), delta(y_n, z, c.max), x, new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(x)}, core.GeneratorVector{proof.V, c.g, proof.T1, proof.T2})
log.Debugf("lhs: %v", lhs)
log.Debugf("rhs: %v", rhs)
log.Debugf("equal: %v", lhs.Equals(rhs))
if lhs.Equals(rhs) {
// compute P
negz := new(ristretto.Scalar).Neg(z)
negzG := new(ristretto.Point).SetZero()
for _, gen := range c.G {
negzG = negzG.Add(negzG, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(gen, negz))
}
mul := core.EntrywiseSum(core.VectorMulScalar(y_n, z), core.VectorMulScalar(two_n, new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(z)))
Pr := new(ristretto.Point).Set(proof.A)
Pr = Pr.Add(Pr, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(proof.S, x))
Pr = Pr.Add(Pr, negzG)
Pr = Pr.Add(Pr, core.MultiExp(mul, H_))
Pl := new(ristretto.Point).Sub(Pr, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(c.h, proof.Mu))
// check inner product
uP := new(ristretto.Point).Add(Pl, new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(c.u, proof.InnerProduct))
return Verify(proof.IPP, c.max, c.u, new(ristretto.Point).Set(uP), core.CopyVector(c.G), core.CopyVector(H_), transcript)
}
return false
}
func delta(y_n core.ScalarVector, z core.Scalar, max int) core.Scalar {
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
// (z-z^2)
z2 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Square(z)
result := new(ristretto.Scalar).Sub(z, z2)
// (z-z^2) * <1^n,y^n>
result.Mul(result, core.InnerProduct(core.IdentityVector(max), y_n))
two := new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(one, one)
two_n := core.PowerVector(two, max)
// (z-z^2) * <1^n,y^n> - z^3 *<1n,2n>
z3 := new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(z2, z)
return result.Sub(result, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(z3, core.InnerProduct(core.IdentityVector(max), two_n)))
}
func valueToVector(value int32, max int) core.ScalarVector {
one := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
zero := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetZero()
result := core.ScalarVector{}
for len(result) != max {
v := value & 0x0001
if v == 1 {
result = append(result, one)
} else {
result = append(result, zero)
}
value = value >> 1
}
return result
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
package bulletproofs
import (
"cwtch.im/tapir/primitives/core"
"encoding/json"
"git.openprivacy.ca/openprivacy/libricochet-go/log"
"testing"
)
func TestProove(t *testing.T) {
log.SetLevel(log.LevelDebug)
proverTranscript := core.NewTranscript("rangeproof")
verifierTranscript := core.NewTranscript("rangeproof")
rangeproof, _ := GenerateRangeProof(10, Setup(32, proverTranscript), proverTranscript)
if VerifyRangeProof(rangeproof, Setup(32, verifierTranscript), verifierTranscript) == true {
t.Logf("Range Proof Passed!")
t.Logf("%v\n\n%v\n", proverTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit(), verifierTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit())
jsonProof, _ := json.Marshal(rangeproof)
t.Logf("RangeProof: %s", jsonProof)
} else {
t.Logf("%v\n\n%v\n", proverTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit(), verifierTranscript.OutputTranscriptToAudit())
t.Fatalf("Failed to Verify Range Proof")
}
}

View File

@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
package core
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/bwesterb/go-ristretto"
)
// Scalar is short hand for a ristretto scalar
type Scalar *ristretto.Scalar
// Point is short hand of a ristretto point
type Point *ristretto.Point
// ScalarVector explicit type checking
type ScalarVector []Scalar
// PointVector explicit type checking
type PointVector []*ristretto.Point
// GeneratorVector explicit type checking
type GeneratorVector []*ristretto.Point
// CopyVector safely copies a vector
func CopyVector(G GeneratorVector) GeneratorVector {
H := make(GeneratorVector, len(G))
for i, g := range G {
H[i] = new(ristretto.Point).Set(g)
}
return H
}
// InnerProduct takes the inner product of a and b i.e. <a,b>
func InnerProduct(a, b ScalarVector) *ristretto.Scalar {
if len(a) != len(b) {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("len(a) = %v ; len(b) = %v;", len(a), len(b)))
}
result := new(ristretto.Scalar).SetZero()
for i, ai := range a {
result.Add(result, new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(ai, b[i]))
}
return result
}
// MultiExp takes in a vector of scalars = {a,b,c...} and a vector of generator = {A,B,C...} and outputs
// {aA,bB,cC}
func MultiExp(a ScalarVector, G GeneratorVector) *ristretto.Point {
if len(a) != len(G) {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("len(a) = %v ; len(b) = %v;", len(a), len(G)))
}
result := new(ristretto.Point).SetZero()
for i, ai := range a {
aG := new(ristretto.Point).ScalarMult(G[i], ai)
result = new(ristretto.Point).Add(result, aG)
}
return result
}
// Join is defined for a vector of Scalars
func (a ScalarVector) Join(b ScalarVector) ScalarVector {
list := make(ScalarVector, len(a)+len(b))
for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
list[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Set(a[i])
}
for i := len(a); i < len(b)+len(b); i++ {
list[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Set(b[i-len(a)])
}
return list
}
// Join as defined for a vector of Generators
func (a GeneratorVector) Join(b GeneratorVector) GeneratorVector {
list := make(GeneratorVector, len(a)+len(b))
for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
list[i] = new(ristretto.Point).Set(a[i])
}
for i := len(a); i < len(b)+len(b); i++ {
list[i] = new(ristretto.Point).Set(b[i-len(a)])
}
return list
}
// VectorAddScalar takes in a vector v = {a,b,c..} and a scalar s and outputs {a+s,b+s,c+s....}
func VectorAddScalar(vector ScalarVector, scalar *ristretto.Scalar) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, len(vector))
for i := range vector {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(vector[i], scalar)
}
return result
}
// VectorMulScalar takes in a vector v = {a,b,c..} and a scalar s and outputs {as,bs,cs....}
func VectorMulScalar(vector ScalarVector, scalar *ristretto.Scalar) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, len(vector))
for i := range vector {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(vector[i], scalar)
}
return result
}
// EntrywiseSum takes the entry wise sum of two vectors
func EntrywiseSum(vector ScalarVector, vector2 ScalarVector) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, len(vector))
for i, v := range vector {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Add(v, vector2[i])
}
return result
}
// EntryWiseProduct takes the entry wise product of two vectors
func EntryWiseProduct(vector ScalarVector, vector2 ScalarVector) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, len(vector))
for i, v := range vector {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(v, vector2[i])
}
return result
}
// IdentityVector is a convenience function to generate a vector v = {1,1,1...1}
func IdentityVector(n int) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, n)
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
}
return result
}
// PowerVector creates a vector v = {1,x,x^2,x^3..x^n}
func PowerVector(x *ristretto.Scalar, n int) ScalarVector {
result := make(ScalarVector, n)
result[0] = new(ristretto.Scalar).SetOne()
result[1] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Set(x)
for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
result[i] = new(ristretto.Scalar).Mul(result[i-1], result[1])
}
return result
}

View File

@ -82,6 +82,22 @@ func (t *Transcript) CommitToPRNG(label string) PRNG {
return PRNG{prng: prng}
}
// CommitToGenerator derives a verifiably random generator from the transcript
func (t *Transcript) CommitToGenerator(label string) *ristretto.Point {
c := t.CommitToTranscript(label)
cs := [32]byte{}
copy(cs[:], c[:])
return new(ristretto.Point).SetElligator(&cs)
}
// CommitToGenerators derives a set of verifiably random generators from the transcript
func (t *Transcript) CommitToGenerators(label string, n int) (generators []*ristretto.Point) {
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
generators = append(generators, t.CommitToGenerator(fmt.Sprintf("%v-%d", label, i)))
}
return generators
}
// CommitToTranscriptScalar is a convenience method for CommitToTranscript which returns a ristretto Scalar
func (t *Transcript) CommitToTranscriptScalar(label string) *ristretto.Scalar {
c := t.CommitToTranscript(label)