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ui/ANDROID_DEBUGGING.md

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Notes on Android Debugging

If you are reading this you are probably interested in developing Cwtch for Android! Awesome.

The Cwtch UI app is intended to be a single codebase that runs on multiple platforms. This complicates the build process in favour of simplifying the code (so goes the theory).

We make use of https://github.com/therecipe/qt/ for deploying Go/Qt code to Android. Before you venture into the weeds of this README please take a look at the Installation and Setup instructions in therecipe/qt.

Building

Check out and follow the instructions at https://github.com/therecipe/qt/wiki/Deploying-Linux-to-Android as they are sufficient, below you will find high-level notes regarding the process.

You need to run qtsetup --qt_version=<vesion> full android for the non-docker setup. You will need to do this for every major version change of therecipe dependencies.

You will also need the Android 28 SDK (Pie), the NDK, SDK build tools and platform tools, gradle and JDK 8

JAVA_JDK=/path/to/jre8
ANDROID_NDK_DIR=/path/to/ndk

Once all that setup is done you should be able to run:

ANDROID_MODULES_INCLUDE="Core,Gui,Svg,QuickWidgets,Xml" qtdeploy build android 

2-4 minutes later an android apk will pop out in ./deploy/android/build-debug.apk.

Build Setup Issues we have seen

  • Could not determine java version from <blah> - this is thrown by gradle inside the androiddeployqt process when the Java version is not JRE8. Ensure that JAVA_HOME is pointed to the correct java installation.
  • readelf <blah> "is not an ordinary file" - this isn't actually an error that will stop the build, but sometimes because of the very long debug log output you will come across it when trying to find the actual error (which is probably a Java version issue). It can be safely ignored.
  • could not find QAndroid... / CPP build errors - you will need to run qtsetup full android` for the Qt version you are using.
    • Example: androidextras_android.cpp:9:10: fatal error: 'QAndroidActivityResultReceiver' file not found

Testing on a Real Device

Consult the Android documentation on setting up your device for development.

You will need an android sdk, setup your device for USB Debugging and then with adb you can do:

adb install -r ./deploy/android/build-debug.apk

To get the logs you can run

adb logcat

Android Studio provides a nice logcat interface for quickly filtering log files that can be very useful when trying to debug complex behavior, but command line tools like grep and the built-in logcat filtering should also suffice.

Important: Cwtch UI technically runs 3 different applications: Cwtch Frontend (application client), Cwtch Backend (application server) and Tor. When filtering logcat you should be aware that some of your messages might be getting logged by a different process.

(Ctrl-F Helper: "Why are log messages missing")

Bundled Libraries

There seems to be a bug in Qt (https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-84371) that prevents the use of AndroidExtras in ANDROID_MODULES_INCLUDE so we bundle it in android/libQt5AndroidExtras.so along with libtor for Tor support.

Non-SDK Interfaces

e.g. java.lang.NoSuchFieldException: No field mPivotX in class Landroid/graphics/drawable/RotateDrawable$RotateState;

Plugins

Theoretically speaking it should be possible to use ANDROID_EXTRA_PLUGINS to include support for e.g. SVG images on Android. However, we have been unable to make it work. If you would like to try, the following issues might be helpful:

Notifications

  • Android 8 (API Level 26) forces you to call setChannelId()
  • Android 9 "Do Not Disturb" mode also hides all notifications
  • Setting up notification channels only seems possible once per install. any changes you need to make require that the app is reinstalled, or the actual channel deleted and changed.